A disparity in academic performance between groups of students.
An umbrella term for bilingual programs, dual language and transitional bilingual programs, and ESL programs.
One of twenty service centers located in Texas. ESCs assist school districts in improving student performance in each region of the system, enable school districts to operate more efficiently and economically, and implement initiatives assigned by the legislature or the commissioner.
Students who are continuing to develop their home language while also learning an additional language.
Standards that outline the expectations and proficiency levels for English language learners (ELLs)
Students who are not proficient in English as determined by the Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment.
A person's primary language, or the language they are most commonly exposed to from birth or early childhood
A committee in Texas schools that identifies English learners and recommends programs for them. It functions as a link between the home and the school in making appropriate decisions regarding placement, instructional practices, assessment, and special programs that impact the student.
Intentional approaches to instruction and school environmental systems that focus on students’ assets and make learning meaningful through targeted connections to students’ backgrounds, languages, and life experiences.
A public authority or board of education that manages public schools in a specific area
Awareness and understanding of one’s own thought processes.
A branch of linguistics that deals with the relation between an awareness of one’s own language use and other background factors in a society.
Students who are new immigrants to the U.S. who are English learners
The understanding and appreciation of varied communities' perspectives, global issues, and the interconnectedness of the world.
A standardized test that measures how well students in Texas learn and apply the state's curriculum standards
A process by which students who are bilingual use both languages as one integrated communication system.